On multidimensional linear modelling including real uncertainty

The theoretical background for abstract formalization of vague phenomenon of complex systems is fuzzy set theory. In the paper are defined vague data as specialized fuzzy sets - fuzzy numbers and there is described a fuzzy linear regression model as a fuzzy function with fuzzy numbers as vague regression parameters. To identify the fuzzy coefficients of model the genetic algorithm is used. The linear approximation of vague function together with its possibility area are analytically and graphically expressed. The suitable numerical experiments are performed namely in the task of two-dimensional fuzzy function modelling and the time series fuzzy regression analysis as well

Realisation of Nonideal Inductor

Import 29/09/2010Syntetická indukčnost se sériovým odporem je zapojení, které transformuje kapacitu na ekvivalentní indukčnost. Cílem práce je vytvořit zadání laboratorní úlohy, kterou bude možné použít ve vybraných předmětech se zaměřením na teorii elektronických obvodů, která by měla sloužit studentům k praktickému ověření základních vlastností tohoto zapojení. Práce se bude zabývat teoretickým rozborem tohoto zapojení, určením vstupní impedance, určením vztahu pro přepočet mezi vstupní impedancí syntetické indukčnosti se sériovým odporem a ekvivalentním zapojením odporu a indukčnosti do série a určením přenosu obvodu s aplikací syntetické indukčnosti se sériovým odporem. Následně se bude práce zabývat ověřením teoretických předpokladů pomocí měření a jejích verifikací simulací v MicroCapu a popisem praktického využití tohoto zapojení.The nonideal inductor with series resistor is a circuitry transforming the capacity into the equivalent inductance. The purpose of this work is to create the assignment of the laboratory task. The laboratory task can be applied in selected courses focused on the theory of the electronic circuits giving the students an ability of practical verification of the basic characteristics of this circuitry. The work deals with a theoretical analysis of this circuitry, the determination of an input impedance, the determination of relation for the conversion between an input impedance of the nonideal inductor with series resistor and an equivalent series circuitry of a resistor and inductance, and the formulation of the transfer function of circuit with the application of the nonideal inductor with series resistor. Consequently the work will deal with the verification of theoretical assumptions by real measurement, the verification by simulation in the MicroCap, and the description of the practical use of this circuitry.Prezenční455 - Katedra měřicí a řídicí technikyvýborn

Statistical analysis of compression methods for storing binary image for low-memory systems

The paper is focused on the statistical comparison of the selected compression methods which are used for compression of the binary images. The aim is to asses, which of presented compression method for low-memory system requires less number of bytes of memory. For assessment of the success rates of the input image to binary image the correlation functions are used. Correlation function is one of the methods of OCR algorithm used for the digitization of printed symbols. Using of compression methods is necessary for systems based on low-power micro-controllers. The data stream saving is very important for such systems with limited memory as well as the time required for decoding the compressed data. The success rate of the selected compression algorithms is evaluated using the basic characteristics of the exploratory analysis. The searched samples represent the amount of bytes needed to compress the test images, representing alphanumeric characters

Colorectal cancer liver metastases: laparoscopic and open radiofrequency-assisted surgery

Introduction: The liver is the most common site of colorectal metastases (colorectal liver metastases – CLM). Surgical treatment in combination with oncological therapy is the only potentially curative method. Unfortunately, only 10–25% of patients are suitable for surgery. Traditionally, open liver resection (OLR) is usually performed. However, laparoscopic liver resection (LLR) has become popular worldwide in the last two decades. Aim: To evaluate the effectiveness and benefits of radiofrequency minor LLR of CLM in comparison with OLR. Material and methods: The indication for surgery was CLM and the possibility to perform minor laparoscopic or OLR not exceeding two hepatic segments according to Couinaud’s classification. Results: Sixty-six minor liver resections for CLM were performed. Twenty-five (37.9%) patients underwent a laparoscopic approach and 41 (62.1%) patients underwent OLR. The mean operative time was 166.4 min for LLR and 166.8 min for OLR. Average blood loss was 132.3 ±218.0 ml during LLR and 149.5 ±277.5 ml during OLR. Length of hospital stay was 8.4 ±2.0 days for LLR and 10.5 ±5.8 days for OLR. All resections were R0. There was no case of mortality. Postoperative complications were recognized in 9 (13.6%) patients: 8 in the group of OLR patients and 1 in the LLR group. The median survival time for LLR was 70.5 months and for OLR 61.9 months. The 5-year overall survival rate was higher for LLR vs. OLR – 82.1% vs. 69.8%. The average length of disease-free interval after LLR was greater (52.2 months) in comparison with OLR (49.4%). The 5-year disease-free interval was 63.2% for LLR and 58% for OLR. Conclusions: Outcomes and oncological radicality of minor laparoscopic liver resections of CLM are comparable to outcomes of OLR.Web of Science10221220

СУЩЕСТВЕННЫЕ УСЛОВИЯ ТРУДА

Modern data science uses topological methods to find the structural features of data sets before further supervised or unsupervised analysis. Geometry and topology are very natural tools for analysing massive amounts of data since geometry can be regarded as the study of distance functions. Mathematical formalism, which has been developed for incorporating geometric and topological techniques, deals with point cloud data sets, i.e. finite sets of points. It then adapts tools from the various branches of geometry and topology for the study of point cloud data sets. The point clouds are finite samples taken from a geometric object, perhaps with noise. Topology provides a formal language for qualitative mathematics, whereas geometry is mainly quantitative. Thus, in topology, we study the relationships of proximity or nearness, without using distances. A map between topological spaces is called continuous if it preserves the nearness structures. Geometrical and topological methods are tools allowing us to analyse highly complex data. These methods create a summary or compressed representation of all of the data features to help to rapidly uncover particular patterns and relationships in data. The idea of constructing summaries of entire domains of attributes involves understanding the relationship between topological and geometric objects constructed from data using various features. A common thread in various approaches for noise removal, model reduction, feasibility reconstruction, and blind source separation, is to replace the original data with a lower dimensional approximate representation obtained via a matrix or multi-directional array factorization or decomposition. Besides those transformations, a significant challenge of feature summarization or subset selection methods for Big Data will be considered by focusing on scalable feature selection. Lower dimensional approximate representation is used for Big Data visualization. The cross-field between topology and Big Data will bring huge opportunities, as well as challenges, to Big Data communities. This survey aims at bringing together state-of-the-art research results on geometrical and topological methods for Big Data.Peer ReviewedPostprint (author's final draft

Chatbots: Security, privacy, data protection, and social aspects

Chatbots are artificial communication systems becoming increasingly popular and not all their security questions are clearly solved. People use chatbots for assistance in shopping, bank communication, meal delivery, healthcare, cars, and many other actions. However, it brings an additional security risk and creates serious security challenges which have to be handled. Understanding the underlying problems requires defining the crucial steps in the techniques used to design chatbots related to security. There are many factors increasing security threats and vulnerabilities. All of them are comprehensively studied, and security practices to decrease security weaknesses are presented. Modern chatbots are no longer rule-based models, but they employ modern natural language and machine learning techniques. Such techniques learn from a conversation, which can contain personal information. The paper discusses circumstances under which such data can be used and how chatbots treat them. Many chatbots operate on a social/messaging platform, which has their terms and conditions about data. The paper aims to present a comprehensive study of security aspects in communication with chatbots. The article could open a discussion and highlight the problems of data storage and usage obtained from the communication user-chatbot and propose some standards to protect the user.Web of Scienceart. no. e642

Znalostní adaptivní regulátor

Import 11/07/2012The designing of PID controllers is in many cases a problem often discussed. Many of the design methods have been developed, classic (analytical tuning methods, optimization methods etc.) or not so common fuzzy knowledge based methods. In this case, the amount of~fuzzy knowledge based methods is extended. A new way of designing PID controller parameters is created (in three variants), which is based on the relations of one of Ziegler-Nichols methods, a combination of Ziegler-Nichols methods and the Chien, Hrones and Reswick design method. The proof of efficiency of the proposed method and a numerical experiment is presented including a comparison with the conventional appropriate methods (simulated in the software environment Matlab-Simulink).Problematika návrhu PID regulátorů je velmi často diskutovaným tématem. Již bylo vyvinuto mnoho návrhových klasických (analytické návrhové metody, optimalizační metody atd.) ale také méně obvyklých fuzzy znalostních metod. V tomto případě je rozšířen počet znalostních návrhových metod. Je vytvořen nový způsob návrhu parametrů PID regulátoru (ve třech variantách), který je založen na znalostech získaných z jedné z možných Ziegler-Nicholsových method, kombinace Ziegler-Nicholsových metod a z metody Chiena, Hronese a Reswicka. Jako součást řešení je uvedeno ověření účinnosti navrhovaných metod a numerického experimentu včetně srovnání s odpovídajícími konvenčními metodami (simulované v softwarovém prostředí Matlab-Simulink).450 - Katedra kybernetiky a biomedicínského inženýrstvívýborn

Analysis of access to patent information systems of Industrial Property Office CZ, European Patent Office, United States Patent and Trademark Office and World Intellectual Property Organization

The master thesis analyses and compares selected accesses to patent information systems of Czech Industrial Property Office, European Patent Office, United States Patent and Trademark Office and World Intellectual Property Organization. This includes accesses via web sites of the institutions mentioned above and an access via Google Patents service. The thesis is divided into six parts. The first part discusses patent information systems, the second one gives an overview of the selected institutions, the third part presents evaluation methodology of patent information systems, the fourth part includes a comparative analysis, the fifth one consists of a user survey and the sixth part introduces possibilities of future development of patent information systems. The comparative analysis showed the access to information system of World Intellectual Property Organization (Patentscope) as the best one among all the analysed accesses. In the user survey the respondents selected the information system of European Patent Office (Espacenet) as the most user-friendly access. Key words industrial property, patent documents, patent databases, patent information systems, patent searches, patent searching, Czech Industrial Property Office, European Patent Office, United States Patent and Trademark Office, World..

Analysis of access to patent information systems of Industrial Property Office CZ, European Patent Office, United States Patent and Trademark Office and World Intellectual Property Organization

The master thesis analyses and compares selected accesses to patent information systems of Czech Industrial Property Office, European Patent Office, United States Patent and Trademark Office and World Intellectual Property Organization. This includes accesses via web sites of the institutions mentioned above and an access via Google Patents service. The thesis is divided into six parts. The first part discusses patent information systems, the second one gives an overview of the selected institutions, the third part presents evaluation methodology of patent information systems, the fourth part includes a comparative analysis, the fifth one consists of a user survey and the sixth part introduces possibilities of future development of patent information systems. The comparative analysis showed the access to information system of World Intellectual Property Organization (Patentscope) as the best one among all the analysed accesses. In the user survey the respondents selected the information system of European Patent Office (Espacenet) as the most user-friendly access. Key words industrial property, patent documents, patent databases, patent information systems, patent searches, patent searching, Czech Industrial Property Office, European Patent Office, United States Patent and Trademark Office, World..

Activities, tasks and aims of the International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO)

The bachelor thesis presents acitivities, tasks and aims of International Society for Knowledge Organization (ISKO). The thesis is divided into four parts. The first part describes the society today and also its history. The second part gives an overview of national chapters of ISKO and their activities. The third part discusses the ISKO presence in the Czech Republic and the fourth part examines themes of periodicals published by ISKO, namely of Knowledge Organization journal and series of conference proceedings Advances in Knowledge Organization, during years 2008 - 2012. The theme is determined using the first two levels of the Classification System for Knowledge Organization Literature and by sorting the articles and proceedings into different thematic classes. The most numerous topic in the periodicals was on-line retrieval systems and technologies